Manganese

 

          Manganese is an important mineral to many enzyme systems which carry out functions like; energy production, protein metabolism, bone formation, and the synthesis of L-dopamine, cholesterol, and mucopolysaccharides. The body cannot properly utilize biotin, thiamin, choline, and vitamin C without adequate manganese, as manganese is needed for the activation of enzymes necessary for the body to utilize these vital nutrients.  Manganese is needed for the utilization of protein through peptidase activity.  Manganese is also important for bone formation.

 

            Manganese is sometimes referred to as the “Brain mineral”, as is is part of an anti-oxidant enzyme called superoxide dismutase.  There are two forms of superoxide dismutase; one form uses copper and zinc, the other form uses manganese and is found in the mitochondria.  Superoxide dismutase is a powerful anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory enzyme.  When combined with B vitamins, manganese may relieve fatigue and weakness by enhancing neural impulses.  Too much calcium or phosphorus can interfere with manganese absorption.  Iron can compete with manganese absorption, and magnesium may also interfere.

Foods high in Manganese include:  Brazil nuts                            Barley Oats                                     Millet Peanuts                                 Legumes Leafy Greens                        Pineapples Alfalfa                                  Whole wheat Seeds                                   Eggs

Manganese deficiency symptoms include: Poor muscle coordination         Stiff tendons Multiple Sclerosis                     Tooth grinding Poor bone growth                    Poor brain function